浅谈中招完形填空的解题技巧

　　郑州中考网12月20日  完形填空是高考英语中的题型之一，占试卷总分30%，要求考生能用所学的英语语言知识去获取信息，分析问题并解决问题，其分量和重要性不言而喻。从2008 和2009 两年的高考真题来看，命题人越来越多的将命题的中心放在对所给短文语篇的整体把握上，甚至提升到对作者写作意图和思想角度进行考察。换句话说，考生要根据上下文的逻辑关系，最后得出答案。因而考生普遍认为是较难的题目，有的只做对了一两道，有的甚至对完形填空产生恐惧心理，导致全军覆没。因此，掌握完形填空的解题技巧非常重要。下面根据完形填空的题目本身特点并结合本人的教学实践谈谈完形填空的解题技巧：

　　一、留意首句，开启全文

　　完形填空所给文章的第一句话通常是没有空格的完整句子，而且第一句很有可能是文章的主题句或含有主题词的句子，它是了解全文大意的基石，我们可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，如一篇完形填空中的首句：

　　What would a railway station or a newspaper be like without advertisement?

　　通过这句话我们可以推测这篇文章的主题是讲广告，而且很可能说到广告的作用。

　　由此可见，留意首句对理解和把握整个文章的中心意义和脉络是非常有效的。它就像是一盏指明灯，指引着我们向正确的方向前进。

　　二、通览全篇，掌握大意

　　完形填空着眼于语篇理解，而完形填空中干扰项的设置极具迷惑性。有许多同学在没有通读全文，弄懂大意的情况下就急忙边阅读边依空选择，见空就填，可能出现“只见树木，不见森林”的现象，这是一种不良的答题习惯，而且那些错误的答案会在大脑中先入为主，在复查时很难发现。因此，正确的做法是快速阅读全文，理清文章脉络，把握文章大意，同时记住短文里的人物、时间或地点，尤其要注意首句和尾句的含义，切不可自行断意，顾此失彼。如下面一篇文章：

　　Two angels stopped to spend the night in a wealthy family. The family was rude and 21 so the angels were given a space in the cold 22. As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and 23 it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel replied, “Things aren't always what they seem.”

　　The next night they came to rest at the house of a very 24, but very hospitable farmer and his wife. After sharing what little food they had, the couple let the angels sleep in their bed. When the sun came up the next 25 the angels found the farmer's only cow, whose milk had been their sole income, laid 26 in the field.

　　The younger angel asked the older angel, “How could you have let this happen ?”The first man had everything, yet you helped him; the 27 family had little but was hospitable and you let their cow die.“

　　”Things aren't always what they seem,“ the older angel replied. ”When we stayed in the basement, I noticed there was gold stored in that 28 in the wall. Since the owner was greedy and 29 to share his fortune, I sealed the wall so he wouldn't find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmer's bed, the angel of death came for his wife. I told him to take the 30  instead.

　　21.A. cruel  B. merry   C. stupid  D. generous

　　如果不通读全文，21题是没办法做的，根据上文and 连接并列成分，可把B和D排除，剩下A和C就很难选。我所教班级中90% 的同学会选A, 但全篇文章没有表现出残酷的行为，结合上下文，选C更好。由此可见，通览全篇，掌握大意是很有必要的。